Glossary
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z #

A

Adjustment Nut

Used to set preload or backlash in gear assemblies.

Axle Housing

The casing that holds and supports the axles and differential in a vehicle.

Axle Tube

Steel tubing used to house the axle shafts and connect to the axle housing.

B

Backlash

The play or clearance between mating gear teeth in a drivetrain.

Bearing

A mechanical component that reduces friction between moving parts.

Bearing Cap

A part that secures a bearing in place.

Bevel Gear

A type of gear where the axes of the two shafts intersect.

Brake Mount

The part where the braking system attaches to the axle.

C

C-clip

A small metal clip used to retain axle shafts.

Carrier

Holds the ring gear and differential gears inside the axle housing.

Case

The metal housing that contains and supports the differential components.

Center Section

The removable portion of a rear end that houses the gears.

Clearance

The gap or space between two components to allow proper function.

Crown Gear

Another term for the ring gear in a differential.

D

Differential

A mechanical device that splits power and allows wheels to rotate at different speeds.

Differential Cover

A metal cover protecting the gears in a differential.

Drag Racing

A type of racing that involves rapid acceleration in a straight line.

Driveshaft

A mechanical device that splits power and allows wheels to rotate at different speeds.A rotating shaft that transmits torque from the transmission to the differential.

E

End Cap

The outer piece that closes off a shaft or housing.

End Play

Axial movement allowed between parts, usually measured in thousandths of an inch.

F

Fastener

A hardware device that mechanically joins two components.

Flange

A projecting flat rim used for mounting or strengthening a component.

G

Gasket

A seal placed between surfaces to prevent leakage.

Gear Ratio

The ratio between the input and output speed of gears in a gear set.

Gears

Toothed wheels that work together to alter the speed or torque of a machine.

H

Helical Gear

A gear with angled teeth for smoother and quieter operation.

Housing End

The end section of the axle housing.

Hub

The central part of a wheel or gear that connects to the axle.

I

Input Shaft

The shaft that delivers power into a gear mechanism.

K

Keyway

A slot in a shaft and hub for locking a key to transmit torque.

L

Lapping

A finishing process to smooth and fine-tune gear contact surfaces.

Lightweight Gear Set

Gears made of lightweight materials for performance efficiency.

Lock Nut

A nut that resists loosening under vibration.

Locker

A finishing process to smooth and fine-tune gear contact surfaces.

M

Mounting Distance

The distance from the face of the gear to its mounting point.

O

Open Differential

A standard differential that allows wheel speed difference during turns.

Output Shaft

The shaft that transmits power from a transmission or differential to wheels.

P

Pinion Bearing

Supports the pinion gear and allows it to spin freely.

Pinion Depth

The distance the pinion gear is set into the housing.

Pinion Gear

The smaller gear that drives the ring gear in a differential.

Pinion Shaft

The shaft that the pinion gear is mounted to.

Positraction

A type of differential that improves traction by limiting wheel slip.

Preload

The force applied to a bearing or gear before operating conditions.

Q

Quick-Change Rear End

A rear end design allowing fast gear ratio changes.

R

RPM

Revolutions Per Minute; a measure of rotational speed.

Race

The track or path that a bearing rolls against.

Ratio Chart

A table that displays gear ratios for different gear combinations.

Rear End

The final drive assembly including the differential and axle shafts.

Retainer

A component used to hold another part in place.

Ring Gear

The large gear in the differential that is driven by the pinion.

Rivet

A mechanical fastener used to join parts together.

S

Seal

Prevents leakage of fluids around moving parts.

Shaft

A long cylindrical component that transmits power in machinery.

Shifter

Used to change gears manually or automatically.

Shim

A thin spacer used to adjust the alignment of gears or bearings.

Side Gear

The gear in a differential that meshes with the spider gear.

Spider Gear

Small gears in a differential allowing wheels to rotate independently.

Spline

Grooves on a shaft and gear that allow torque transmission.

Spool

A solid replacement for a differential, locking both wheels together.

Steel Yoke

A strong yoke component used in driveshafts or rear ends.

Stub Axle

A short axle that carries a wheel at one end.

Support Bearing

A bearing that supports the shaft from bending or misalignment.

T

Third Member

Another name for the center section of a rear differential.

Traction

Rotational force applied to a shaft or gear.

U

U-bolt

A U-shaped bolt used to hold the axle to the leaf spring.

Universal Joint

A joint that allows rotation at varying angles.

W

Weight Distribution

The balance of vehicle weight across all tires.

Y

Yoke

A component that connects the driveshaft to the transmission or axle.

Z

Zero Lash

When gears are adjusted to have no play between them.